The present volume records the historic emergence of the Neues Museum under Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, its destruction and the phases of its conservation and restoration. The rebuilding of the Neues Museum was intended to avoid reconstruction, and also the romanticization of "old-new rhetoric", or any attempt to monumentalize its destruction. Architects, monument conservationists, museum directors, specialist engineers, restorers and craftsmen offer profound insights into this unique architectural and artistic monument.